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  • 1.  Seeking a scale on belonging

    Posted 12-07-2023 19:39

    Can anyone point me to a validated (or even partially developed) scale on belonging in the workplace?  I just had a student ask me about this but have not found anything as of yet.  



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    Clark Warner
    Boston U. Questrom School of Business
    Boston MA
    United States
    (617) 353-9826
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  • 2.  RE: Seeking a scale on belonging

    Posted 12-09-2023 10:55

    Clark,

    Good question. I've done OB research for over 50 years and can't recall a specific belonging scale.

    My first thought is a definition of belonging would be useful 
    Second, my guess is belonging is closely related to cohesiveness.

    Perhaps one or more of these articles would be useful:

    Salas, E., Grossman, R., Hughes, A. M., & Coultas, C. W. (2015). Measuring Team Cohesion: Observations from the Science. Human Factors, 57(3), 365-374. https://doi.org/10.1177/0018720815578267

    Macgowan MJ. The group engagement measure: a review of its conceptual and empirical properties. J Groups Addict Recover 2006;1:33–52

    Shadish WR. The validity of a measure of intimate behavior. Small Group Behav 1986;17:113–20.

    As you see, cohesiveness is relevant in a clinical as well as a work context.

    Third, perhaps beloning is related to commitment. I and a couple of colleagues have recently examined organization commitment measures. We learned at least two of most frequently used including the Allen and Meyer 3 factor one, are confounded with job satisfaction. More recently, Howard Klein and colleagues have developed a short, versatile scale that appears well-validated and has been employed in a number of studies including some outside the US. See:Klein, H.J., Cooper, J.T., Molloy, J.C., & Swanson, J.A. (2014). The assessment of commitment: advantages of a unidimensional, target-free approach.  Journal of applied psychology, 99 2, 222-38 

    I hope one or more of these are useful. 

    cheers

    tom



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    Thomas Stone
    Oklahoma State University
    Tulsa OK
    (918) 630-4679
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  • 3.  RE: Seeking a scale on belonging

    Posted 12-09-2023 10:55
    Dear Clark,

    We have used a work group inclusion scale including belongingness and uniqueness in our ageing research. The reference is Chung, B. G., Ehrhart, K. H., Shore, L. M., Randel, A. E., Dean, M. A., & Kedharnath, U. (2020). Work group inclusion: Test of a scale and model. Group & Organization Management, 45(1), 75-102. Maybe you can check if this scale fits your needs.

    best wishes,
    Fangfang

    Fangfang Zhang  PhD 

    Research Fellow 

    Centre for Transformative Work Design • Future of Work Institute • Faculty of Business and Law • Curtin University  





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  • 4.  RE: Seeking a scale on belonging

    Posted 12-09-2023 13:30

    Hi Clark

    Here is a measure that colleagues and I developed a few years ago. It may not be exactly what you are looking for, but we discuss other, related measures in the paper. 

    https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02043/full

    Best

    Seth



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    Seth Kaplan
    George Mason University
    Fairfax VA
    (703) 993-8475
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  • 5.  RE: Seeking a scale on belonging

    Posted 12-11-2023 18:05

    This review article covers quite a bit, including assessments, that might help you: Kelly-Ann Allen, Margaret L. Kern, Christopher S. Rozek, Dennis M. McInerney & George M. Slavich (2021) Belonging: a review of conceptual issues, an integrative framework, and directions for future research, Australian Journal of Psychology, 73:1, 87-102, DOI: 10.1080/00049530.2021.1883409



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    Lisa Sansom
    LVS Consulting
    Kingston ON
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    Original Message


  • 6.  RE: Seeking a scale on belonging

    Posted 12-11-2023 18:06

    Hi Clark,

    there is a sense of belonging subscale within the Psychological Sense of Community in the Workplace Scale (PSCW).

    Burroughs, S. & Eby, L. (1998). Psychological sense of community at work: A measurement system and explanatory framework. Journal of Community Psychology,  26(2), 509-532. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1520-6629(199811)26:6<509::AID-JCOP1>3.0.CO;2-P

    I used this scale in previous research and gained Cronbach's Alpha >.85

    Hope this may help.

    Best

    Bea



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    Beatrice Schuldt
    Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster
    Münster
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    Original Message